Volumetric Analysis
The process of finding out the concentration of a solution by reacting it with another solution of known concentration is called volumetric analysis.
Volumetric analysis is done with the help of titrations. Suppose, we have a solution of unknown strength of a strong acid. We know that strong acids react with strong bases to give salts. We can prepare a standard solution (i.e. a solution of known strength) of base. Now a fix volume of solution is taken and base is slowly added to acid, in presence on an indicator (Phenolphthalein). After addition of a specific amount of base we find that pink colour appears in the reaction mixture which indicates that solution is completely neutralised.
In terms of m-equivalents same no. of (m-eq.) of reactants react and same no. of m-equivalent of product are formed. This is basic principle involved in volumetric analysis.
For the above reaction
Important
Þ Acidic salts react with acid as well as base.
Þ Neutral salts react with neither acid nor base.
Þ Salts of strong acid and strong base do not react with base.
Þ Metal Oxide normally reacts with acid & non metal oxide reacts with base.
Þ Metal normally reacts with acid and not with base at normal temperature.
